Stavropol area. A historical-geographical part in the Russian Federation located in the main part of Subcaucasia, involving the Kuban Lake (and Kuban part) towards the western, the fresh new Terek part toward the southern area of, the brand new Don part into the north, brand new Kalmyk Autonomous Republic with the northeast, and lands of one’s Caucasian mountain individuals towards the south and you may southwestern. The fresh Stavropol part generally corresponds inside territory to your former Stavropol gubernia (within the 18611920 boundary, 59,500 sq km) therefore the after Stavropol krai, reduced the new Karachai-Cherkess Independent oblast (66,five-hundred sq km).

Bodily geography. The top portion of the Stavropol area is occupied because of the Stavropol Upland; new slight piece has actually elements of the brand new Caspian Lowland throughout the eastern, the fresh new Kuma-Manych Anxiety on the north, and mountain tops of one’s Caucasus Mountains regarding southwest. New climate of Stavropol part is actually transitional, out of temperate continental on the western to help you drier and a lot more continental about eastern. The greater ones through the Yegorlyk (which streams with the Manych), the latest Kalaus, the new Kuma, therefore the Kuban and its top tributaries, new Velykyi Zelenchuk in addition to Malyi Zelenchuk (select Zelenchuk rivers). River-water is employed to own irrigation. Short, primarily saline lakes abound; the biggest ‘s the slim but 160-km-enough time River Manych-Gudilo (Ukrainian: Manych-Hudylo).

But the located Stavropol region remained sparsely populated by nomadic Nogay Tatars (good Turkic-talking people) and you can Kalmyk some body (a beneficial Mongol-speaking category), who together designated from the 80,000

The newest soils about west and you may main the main Stavropol part are various chernozems and you will chestnut soils; into the eastern and you can northeast they be white chestnut. The fresh natural flowers as well as change eastward with declining moisture, off meadow fescuefeather lawn steppe to dead fescuefeather lawn steppe then semidesert herbs of wormwood, inactive fescue, and you can feather grass. Throughout the alot more moist part of the Stavropol Upland along with the new Caucasus mountain tops the brand new pure herbs is forest-steppe with oak-hornbeam-beech forests. Today both the steppe additionally the tree-steppe are almost entirely cleared getting farming.

History. From the middle-16th century the brand new Caucasus and the Stavropol part started initially to already been to the connection with Muscovite colonization. In the 16th and you may seventeenth years Subcaucasia experienced the new beginnings of Cossack colonization (the new Wear Cossacks regarding western therefore the Terek Cossacks when you look at the the latest eastern). Caucasian slope individuals, the newest Karachai and also the Cherkess, lived-in this new hills of the area.

Early in the fresh 18th century the new Stavropol area nominally turned into a portion of the Russian Empire. Permanent agreements, although not, just weren’t based till the past quarter of century, when, within the 177780, the fresh new Russian government built a type of forts, the latest Mozdok-Azov line, having head office on Stavropol, so you’re able to secure the Caucasian slope individuals. Because of the 1785 the fresh Stavropol part formed section of Caucasus oblast, that was redesignated an excellent gubernia from inside the 1802. Pursuing the numerous label change it had been designated since Stavropol gubernia within the 1847. Its boundaries was indeed in the end fixed in the 1861, if this are split off Terek oblast. Weighed against Kuban oblast and Terek oblast, Stavropol gubernia (once the 1898) was not section of Caucasus krai.

Before 1930s the newest Stavropol part try settled by the one another Ukrainians and you will Russians, and you may constituted an integral part of contiguous, albeit mixed, Ukrainian ethnographic region

The latest Russian authorities promoted the fresh fast colonization of one’s Stavropol area so you’re able to expose a base to have army campaigns throughout the Caucasus. Section of you to point are achieved by the giving of choice tracts out of land in order to Russian noblemen, just who settled them with their serfs. A significant factor in colonization, yet not, is actually brand new natural payment because of the state peasants who have been unimpeded by the brand new central regulators. Actually the latest purple bodies legalized extant says into the ukase out of 1804 and provided help to the people that has paid when you look at the the latest Stavropol area. Towards the end of your own 1850s the populace out of voici leur site Stavropol gubernia had increased to 340,000 (5.5 people each sq km). Its only town, Stavropol, expanded from about 3,000 customers during the 1800 to help you 17,600 citizens inside the 1853. The quintessential heavily paid components have been the latest steppes between the Yegorlyk and Kalaus streams and Kalaus Lake area. The population out-of Stavropol gubernia (in addition to Terek oblast) for the 1853 consisted of forty eight.seven % Cossacks, 32 % county peasants, 16.dos percent nomadic herders, and you will step three.one percent serfs although some.